The Valgus deformation of the first finger (thumb) is a orthopedic disease, in which the finger is deformed and deviated.Mainly the disease occurs in women after 30 years.Of the 3%, Valgus deformation was discovered in people from 15 to 30 years old, at 9% in people from 31 to 60 and 16% in people over 60 years old.The problem not only causes strong aesthetic discomfort but also causes changes in all ligaments, tendons, joints and foot bones.
Pathogenic
With the Valgus deformation of the first finger, the angle between the first bone and the second bone becomes more added, the change of the first methatarsal bone is observed.The thumb of the feet turned out, and the bone tip of the bone sticked out, forming a bone.This bone does not allow the thumb to match the norm, and it gradually deviates out.Tuberculosis (bone) prevents you from wearing shoes, creating inflammation, friction and leading to inflammation of the first Metatarsophalangeal joint.Gradually, the bone swelled and was inflamed, painful.The inappropriate position of the joint stimulates its premature wear, cartilage damage and the increase in the size of bone development.This is turning it, causing the injury of the foot and the further development of the pathology.As the disease progresses, the thumb changes the remaining fingers of the feet, leading to their deformation in the form of a hammer.As the disease develops, it leads to joint diseases of joints collaboration, arthritis, finger joints, chronic inflammation of the first Metatarsophalangeal pocket, the first bone movement, Ped.
Form
Under normal conditions, methatarsal bones are parallel to each other.Under the influence of certain reasons, the first methatarsal bone is deviated and because of this, a small bump appears on the feet, ligaments and tendons loss of elasticity, their dysfunction.
The disease exceeds a number of stages:
- Early.At this stage, the deviation of the thumb of the foot is below 15 degrees.
- Medium.The deviation of the first finger aside is from 15 to 20 degrees.At the same time, the deformation of the second finger is observed.It emerged on the thumb and became a shape for a hammer.
- Heavy.The deviation of the thumb is 30 degrees.All fingers of the feet were deformed, and at the first Phalanx facility had a large bone growth.In places where there is a large voltage of the foot, the rough corn appeared.
Reason
The main stimulus factor in the appearance of Valgus deformation is irregular shoes.If a person wears a tight shoe with a narrow toe or high hole, the fingers are constantly in the wrong position (compressed), contributing to the development of Valgus deformation.But this not only becomes the cause of the development of the disease.The following reasons affect the appearance of pathology:
- Damage to injury in the legs and feet;
- Abandon optical;
- Cerebral palsy;
- polyneuropathy;
- Low dome of the foot;
- Flat feet;
- Congenital weaknesses of the muscular bonding apparatus;
- Chronic arthritis is stimulated by psoriasis;
- arthritis;
- Multiple sclerosis (accompanied by damage to the shell of nerve fibers);
- Diabetes;
- Gout (sedimentation of urate in the tissue of the body);
- Hyper of common movement is observed in Marthans and Down syndrome;
- Young legs (rapidly increasing the size of the foot during teenage period);
- Charcot-mari-tota disease (genetic neuropathy, accompanied by muscle atrophy of the distance);
- osteoporosis (bone loss);
- Stop excessively related to professional activities (waiters, athletes, BA Le actress).
With the presence of stimulating factors, the disease progresses rapidly.
Symptom
The symptoms of pathology depend on the level of damage in the foot.In the first stage, redness, swelling of tissues when bones appear, pain in the phalanx of the finger, enhanced while walking is observed.In the average stage of the development of the disease, pain, swelling, bone development in the bone area, dry corn under the middle phalanx of the finger appears.In the heavy period in the base of the feet and in the thumb, the severe pain, fatigue appeared.Corn dry is formed, and skin keratinization appears under the second and third phalang of the finger.
Diagnose
The diagnostic measures begins by collecting patient Anamnesis.The doctor asked him about worrying symptoms, interested in what stimulates their appearance (leg load, walking, cramped shoes), there are metabolic diseases, systems in medical history, injuries of lower limbs, genetic diseases of bone.Next, an external test was carried out, in which one was asked to pass.The doctor monitor the patient's gait, while determining the intensity of the pain.The position of the thumb of the foot is studied, its position compared to other fingers, exploring its curved and expanding range.The presence of other external symptoms (swelling, redness, thickening of the lower layer of fingers) is tested.The foot of the foot is done in three projections to determine the level of deformation of the foot, dislocated joints and related diseases.A vessel ultrasound is carried out to eliminate circulating disorders in the leg.
Treatment
The Valgus deformation therapy of the thumb is traditional and active.In the early stages, when you can do without surgery, doctors recommend choosing convenient and accurate shoes.She should not please load on the foot, friction.The comfortable shoes slow down the progression of the disease.At the same time, the doctor will recommend buying special orthopedic devices:
- The gasket for the general bag of the thumb (they eliminate the pressure of the shoe);
- Intodassen rollers, pads contribute to the exact distribution of the load on the foot.
All orthopedic devices relieve pain, but cannot completely eliminate discomfort with their help.To eliminate pain and inflammation, anti -inflammatory drugs are not caused by zero, corticosteroid injection is used.To reduce spasms and restore the movement of joints, massage and special gymnastics specified to relax the foot.
The effectiveness of physiotherapy
An important role in the treatment of deformation of Valgus is played with physiotherapy.To eliminate the disease, doctors prescribe electrophoresis with calcium, pronunciation of hydrocortisone, paraffin and ozokeritic applications.One of the most effective methods to eliminate the valgus deformation of the thumb of the feet is the shockwave therapy (UVT).This procedure implies a short -term effect for the pain area with low frequency pulses.With the help of UVT, the pain symptoms are removed, the impact on the factors that contribute to their appearance.The process is done using a special device to create shock waves.They only affect pathological areas, without affecting healthy tissues.With the help of ultrasound, metabolic processes are improved.UVT is not done with the presence of nerves, infectious, cancer, heart, soma disease, diabetes, coagulation disorders.Shockwave therapy is not prescribed for pregnant women, nursing women and children under 18 years of age.The effectiveness of procedures is observed after some procedures.Pain disappears, it becomes easier to walk.But it is not possible to completely remove the protruding bones with an UVT process.The doctor may prescribe at least 5-7 sessions.Depending on the stage of the disease, the procedures for carrying out the procedures are also prescribed.Some people are prescribed daily sessions, others will be sufficient for a procedure per week.The results of UVT treatment have been held for a long time.
Surgical treatment
With an average and serious level of Valgus deformation of the thumb of the feet, surgical treatment is prescribed.To eliminate pathology, many methods have been developed by which they achieve the following goals:
- Eliminate the burs of the first finger;
- The muscles bent around around the damaged joints to prevent the recurrence of the disease;
- Perform the thumb's bone reconstruction.
If the deformation is not strongly shown, the growth of the growth on the joints through a small incision is removed.After the surgery, a person needs to restore function, with the mandatory wear of tape or shoes with wooden soles, using foot -attached brands, physical therapy (at least 6 procedures).Currently, with the valgus deformation of the thumb, the following activities are done:
- Adjust the small deformation.The chopped cuts are made on both sides of the thumb, thereby, with the help of miniature plants, the position of the methatarsal bone and the phalanx of the finger.
- Chevron-Oosteotomy.The operation is done with a finger deviation not exceeding 17 degrees.The growth is removed, and the thumb's phalanx is fixed with a screw and titanium wire.After a while, the structure is removed.
- Scarf.Operation is done if the angle of deviation of the thumb is 18-40 degrees.During the intervention, using manual contact, the position of the Metatarsal bone is repaired, then repaired it with two titanium screws.
The protruding bones of the thumb of the feet are not only aesthetic but also causes many inconveniences when walking.The disease has not been treated, leading to complications in the work of the entire musculoskeletal system.Therefore, everything should not be allowed on a device and contact an orthopedic if the first signs of deformation appears.